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About Iran

Iran occupies a most prominent political-economic position in the Middle East.

Iran  

Cyrus (who issued The first Declaration of human freedom 530 BCE in history) The 45-line charter, known as the Cyrus Declaration and the Freedom Charter The Persian Empire was one of the first major empires in the ancient world.

The Persian Empire began with the migration of Iranians, a group of Indo-Europeans out of central Europe and southern Russia around 1,000 BCE Persia is now part of the modern country of Iran.

Hence the name 'Iranians' for the larger migratory group that lived in this area. In 550 BCE, Cyrus the king of the Persians successfully conquered the Medes and united the Iranian people together for the first time. 
 
Cyrus continued to expand the Persian territory to the west and to gain control of vital trade routes that crossed modern Iran.
 
The Iranian People's Revolution in 1979, led by Imam Khomeini, led to a 50-year change in the Pahlavi kingdom regime in Iran, and the monarchy, which has a history of about 2,500 years, changed after voting for the government of the Islamic Republic. 

more information about Iran

• Iran occupies a most prominent politico-economic position in the Middle East. With a surface area of 1,648,000 square kilometers and such a strategic position, the country is truly unique and enjoys many advantages.
After the collapse of the ex-USSR in 1991, Iran gained a more prominent position in the region, acting as a "bridge" that links the Middle Asian states in the north to the wealthy people south of the Persian Gulf who are both producers and consumers.

It also provides for Middle Asia, a sea route, via the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Omen, to India, China, and African countries. Iran is costly nestled in the middle of a market with 380 million consumers. It has direct land or sea routes to Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, the Republic of Armenia, Independent Republic of Nakhichevan, Turkey, Iraq, Kuwait, UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, and Pakistan. It can provide transit routes linking the northern states - the ex-Soviet Republics to the other states by sea and land, without the necessity of passage through a third country. It also joins the Caspian Sea to the Indian Ocean by road and railway.

Official Language:

The official language and the script are Farsi ( Persian), but Arabic and Turkish are also spoken by large minorities, English is the most current foreign language.

Iran's currency is "rial" (Rls).

and notes of:
1000, 2000, 5000, and 10000 rials.

. Units of Measurement: The metric system is generally used in Iran.

• International Telephone Code: The code for communicating with dialing is 0098 which should then be followed by the code for the relevant town. The code for Tehran is 021. So when dialing a Tehran number from abroad one should dial 0098 21- then the relevant phone number.

The Iranian Calendar:

The Iranian calendar has been based since the pre-Islamic area on the movement of the sun, but the Islamic calendar which revolves around the movement of the moon is also current in Iran for religious purposes.
The Iranian solar calendar was modified in the 12th century AD by Omar Khayyam, the poet, scientist, and astronomer.
The new calendar was named the Jalali calendar.

• The Iranian calendar begins on March 21st (the first day of spring) and ends on March 20th.

The Iranian year is just over 365 days long and every four years, is a leap year, the last month of which, is considered to have 30 days instead of 29 days.
The Iranian new year, the first day of spring, has since ancient times been a day of celebration, feast, and joy.

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMVJiYoS-4Y&t=11s